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From Malta to the Moon: What Will Happen to the Historic Rocket Test Station?


Malta Town Historian Paul Perreault delivers his “From Malta to the Moon” presentation at the Brookside Museum in Ballston Spa on November 12. Photo by Jonathon Norcross.

MALTA — The Saratoga Battlefields are a popular destination for tourists and locals alike, commemorating the famed “turning point” of the American Revolution. The Saratoga Race Course draws about one million fans each year, carrying on a tradition that began during the Civil War. But one local historic site, arguably just as important as the previous two, remains inaccessible, even to those curious enough to seek it out.

The Malta Rocket Test Station was the beginning of America’s journey to the moon. The 165-acre property — populated by large gantries, dozens of buildings, and underground bunkers — was once home to hundreds of scientists and staffers who worked tirelessly to develop the technology needed to send humanity to another heavenly body. From 1945 until the mid-1960s, it was where rockets roared, causing what felt like small earthquakes in nearby homes.

The site is currently owned by GlobalFoundires, a semiconductor manufacturing company headquartered in Malta. Thus far, the company hasn’t announced any plans to allow visitors onto the site, though some remain hopeful that could change.

“The people who work for GlobalFoundries are on the cutting edge of technology today,” said Paul Perreault, Malta’s town historian, at a presentation delivered at the Brookside Museum on November 12. “You would think of all the people engaged in business, they would respect the people who were on the cutting edge of technology back in the 1940s.”

Perreault said he believes there are safe ways for GlobalFoundries to allow visitors to have a better understanding of the groundbreaking work once done on the site.

During the Cold War, General Electric employees from Schenectady were searching for a test site where rocket research could be performed. They found the Luther Forest Preserve, a 7,000-acre preserve that, at one time, was the largest privately owned preserve in the entire country. 

GE claimed 165 acres of Luther Forrest and surrounded it with a one-mile security zone. In 1945, GE built their rocket test station. They used the location to assemble rocket engines and conduct stationary ground tests. After five years, thousands of firings had been conducted.

Although the Malta site has been somewhat forgotten in favor of more glamorous Space Age locales such as the Kennedy Space Center and the NASA Johnson Space Center, that may soon change. Perreault said that a British TV production company interviewed him for a special about the test station, due to be released sometime early next year (additional details will be posted to the Brookside Museum website when available).

“To me, that is how the Malta Rocket Test Station is going to get the recognition it deserves,” Perreault said. “Not by us talking about it, but by it being on television. So today, that’s the most exciting part of the story.”

But for now, the facilities on the site remain largely dormant, continuing their slow decay. 

38th Annual Saratoga Springs Victorian Streetwalk Thursday, Dec. 5 


Santa at the cottage on Broadway. Photo by Thomas Dimopoulos. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS — The 38th Annual Victorian Streetwalk will take place 6-9 p.m. Thursday, Dec. 5 in downtown Saratoga Springs. 

The annual event, presented by the Saratoga Springs Downtown Business Association, includes a Tree Lighting Ceremony, over 25 sites with free entertainment, and Santa & Mrs. Claus at the Cottage. 

Note: Broadway will be completely closed from Van Dam St/Rt 50 down to Spring St from 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. Portions of Broadway will start to close earlier in the day.

The annual event kicks off at 6 p.m. with the traditional tree lighting ceremony – this year attended by multiple children from Make-A-Wish and their families to help light the tree. Following the lighting, children will have the opportunity to visit Santa in his Cottage. 

This year, “Friends of the Victorian Streetwalk” will be selling 8-inch ornaments to the community that will be used to decorate the downtown Christmas tree for years to come. The decorated ornaments cost $100 and those purchasing them may choose four words to include on the ornament. The ornaments will be sold via the website:  https://www.saratogaspringsdowntown.com/ as well as the evening of the Victorian Streetwalk, via a table near the Christmas tree.

Santa’s Schedule Thursday, Dec. 5: 6-9 p.m. (with tree lighting at 6); Friday, Dec. 6: 4-9 p.m.; Saturday, Dec. 7: 1-5 p.m.; Sunday, Dec. 8: 1-4 p.m.; Friday, Dec. 13: 4-7 p.m.; Saturday, Dec. 14: 1-4 p.m.; Sunday, Dec. 15: 1-4 p.m.; Friday, Dec. 20: 4-7 p.m.; Saturday, Dec. 21: 1-4 p.m., and Sunday, Dec. 22 from 1 to 4 p.m.. 

How Olympic Athletes are Made in Saratoga Springs


Lauren O’Connor competes in the women’s quadruple sculls B final at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Photo via US Rowing.

SARATOGA SPRINGS — Imagine being separated from your home and family for 260 days of the year. Imagine waking up at 5:15 a.m., having hard physical labor from 6:30 a.m. to 9:30 a.m., working from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., enduring more physical labor from 2 p.m. to 4:30 p.m., then more work from 5:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Then you sleep, wake up, and do it all over again — hundreds of times. Your compensation for much of this work is exactly $0.00.  

This might sound like the brutal conditions of some foreign prison camp, but it’s just a day in the life of Saratoga rowers hoping to make it to the world stage. Their grueling but wildly successful training regimen has resulted in three appearances in the Olympics, multiple stints in the World Championships, and participation in the PanAm games, with a World Cup and more international events tossed in for good measure.

Despite all the hardship necessary to become an elite rower, the rewards can be extraordinary. Lauren O’Connor, one of nine members of Saratoga’s Advanced Rowing Initiative of the Northeast (ARION) program, made her Olympics debut at the 2024 games in Paris. 

“We sat and watched men’s gymnastics with Simone [Biles] and Jordan Chiles and they were explaining men’s gymnastics to us,” O’Connor said during an event at the Saratoga Springs Public Library earlier this month. “[We sat] with the entire women’s rugby team as they’re just watching their sport being played. It was very cool to get that information from the person that is literally the best in the world at it.”

“It’s kind of crazy to think about, in this mile-and-a-half-square little village, there’s the accumulation of the world’s best athletes,” added ARION Coach Eric “Cat” Catalano.

O’Connor and fellow Saratoga rower Kristi Wagner (who was also at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo) both finished ninth overall in their respective events in Paris. Wagner and her partner Sophia Vitas finished ninth in double sculls, while O’Connor was ninth in the quadruple sculls. Wagner and Vitas previously placed fifth in double sculls in Tokyo. At the end of September, both O’Connor and Wagner were invited to the White House to celebrate their achievements.

To prepare for her first Olympics, O’Connor said she spent about 85% of her time from November 2023 until September 2024 living in hotel rooms as she traveled the globe training and competing.

“If you didn’t qualify at the World Championships the year before, you then have to qualify at the final Olympic qualification regatta, which is always in Lucerne, Switzerland in May,” O’Connor said. “So you have to qualify in May and then the Olympics are at the end of July. You have to peak twice within a very short amount of time…That’s probably the most amount of racing you will do in such a short amount of time ever in our sport.”

O’Connor’s (and Wagner’s) long journey to the world stage, where they compete against the most talented athletes alive, began in Saratoga Springs.

“Olympians are being made here,” said Catalano. “These guys are pretty amazing athletes. It amazes me. I was thinking, how can I explain what these guys do. This morning, we just had a 20K row, which is about a half-marathon, and that was the morning practice. That was about an average morning practice, and then they do something similar in the afternoon. I was thinking, I’m a casual runner and when I get geared up for a half-marathon, it’s like [for them] that’s just morning, and then they have breakfast.”

Catalano, who assisted the US team at the 2023 World Championships, began coaching at the Saratoga Rowing Association in 1998. After a brief stint at Harvard/Radcliffe, he returned to Saratoga as the association’s executive director and head coach. In 2016, following the Olympic Trials, he launched the ARION program.

The program’s facilities include both a boathouse and a training center located in Saratoga Springs. Outside of the winter months, rowing is done in Fish Creek and on Saratoga Lake. Those interested in applying to or donating to ARION can visit arion.saratogarowing.com.

New Music Scholarship Honors Beloved Jam Band Fan


Justin is pictured with his wife Melissa and their two children, Allison and Dylan. Images provided.

SARATOGA SPRINGS — Before Jerry Garcia stumbled upon the term in a dictionary, “Grateful Dead” originally referred to a folktale about a person who received karmic repayment for the good deed of resolving the debt of someone who had died. Perhaps it’s fitting then that the family and friends of Justin Kreider, a Grateful Dead and jam band fan who passed away in 2022, have honored his memory by providing scholarship money to student-musicians.

“[Justin] had this crazy memory,” said his wife Melissa Kreider. “He would memorize setlists. He knew all the lyrics, all the stories of where the lyrics came from and who wrote the songs.”

“We’d be at shows in the 90s and he would just be able to meet people,” said Justin’s friend Mark Scirocco. “He’d get their addresses and be trading [cassette] tapes with people. Next thing you’d know, he’d have hundreds of tapes.”


The Justin Kreider Music Never Stopped Fund logo incorporates many of Kreider’s passions, including the Grateful Dead, the New York Yankees, Phish, and live music.

Justin’s love of music led to Melissa and Mark co-founding the Justin Kreider Music Never Stopped Fund, which began its mission in earnest earlier this month with a cornhole tournament at the Saratoga Winery that raised $1,500. The money will go to a graduating Saratoga Springs High School student-musician who is looking to further their music education in college. The school’s music department will be nominating students for the prize. 

Justin grew up in Saratoga Springs and graduated from the city’s high school in 1993. 

His first job at the Trattoria Restaurant resulted in a nearly three-decade-long career in the restaurant business that took him to Park City, Utah and Portland, Oregon. He became the head chef of his own family in 2009, when his first child, Allison, was born. He also had a son, Dylan.

The Music Never Stopped Fund’s logo sums up much of Justin’s interests, incorporating a dancing turtle (his nickname was Turtle), a Yankees cap (he was a devoted baseball nerd), and of course the Grateful Dead’s signature “Stealie” skull and lightning bolt design. 

Justin’s love of the Grateful Dead also helped to sum up his life philosophy, which in turn led to the creation of the music scholarship that bears his name. He’d often listen to Big Steve Parish, a former Grateful Dead crew member who now hosts a radio show devoted to the Dead.

“We’d be driving around town and you know the way Saratoga traffic can be, you’d be grumpy or whatever and Justin would be like, ‘hey, you gotta be like Big Steve and be a little nicer to everybody,’” said Scirocco. “For me, [the Music Never Stopped Fund is] like fulfilling that part of things. It’s like, let’s make things a little bit nicer for some people. I don’t want to be too tree hugger-ish or whatever, but it’s like let’s spread the love around. So it’s trying to live up to that ideal a little bit while remembering him.”

The Justin Kreider Music Never Stopped Fund will next host a Mandala Drawing Workshop at Next Door Kitchen & Bar on November 24. For more details, visit the charity’s Facebook page.

Saratoga Springs Public Library Parking LotRestricted to Permit Holders


Saratoga Springs Public Library on Nov. 15, 2024.
Photo by Thomas Dimopoulos. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS — The Saratoga Springs Public Library Parking Lot will be restricted to library parking lot permit holders year-round.  

The library parking plan is different than the city of Saratoga Springs’ seasonal parking plan – the latter first implemented last summer and which concluded Labor Day weekend.  

The rules: Between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m., parking in the library’s parking lot is restricted to library parking lot permit holders with a three-hour limit, according to signage on the library grounds. All other hours and holidays are free to park. The library’s total operating budget is more than $6 million annually, with more than $5 million required from school district levy.    

Residents of the Saratoga Springs City School District, and members of the Friends of the Saratoga Springs Public Library at the Ex Libris level or higher, who are library card holders in good standing, may visit the library during open hours to register for permits, if they don’t already have one. 

Those seeking to obtain a Library Parking Lot Permit must bring driver’s license and registration to prove eligibility and register for the permit at the Circulation Desk. Names and addresses on all vehicle registrations must match the name and address associated with the library card account.

The library is chartered by the NY State Education Department to serve the residents of the Saratoga Springs City School District, and is funded by taxes levied on property owners within the district. 

“It is our obligation to prioritize the needs of those we are legally chartered to serve, and who fund our operation, when there is unprecedented demand on a limited resource,” Library Director A. Issac Pulver wrote in a Q&A regarding the parking plan that is posted to the library’s web site.

There are multiple details to the plan, and the Q&A regarding library parking may be viewed at: sspl.org. 

Saratoga School Bus Cancellations Cause Parent Frustration

Yellow school bus on the blacktop on a beautiful sunny day.

SARATOGA SPRINGS — Recent bus cancellations by the Saratoga Springs City School District caused some parents to vent their frustrations in a local Facebook group.

On November 6, one parent posted to the group “What’s Going on Saratoga” that she was notified that her son’s bus was canceled less than 90 minutes before dismissal. “I have no idea the procedure, can’t seem to find it in the handbook, and no one is answering the phone there,” the parent wrote.

Screenshots of Saratoga Springs school district notifications stated that “due to the school bus driver shortage and employee illness,” buses 461 and 466 were both canceled, along with all after-school late buses. 

Earlier this year, the district cut two full-time transportation department positions as part of its 2024-2025 budget. Although neither of the positions were technically drivers, they were a dispatcher and mechanic, both of whom sometimes served as substitute bus drivers when necessary.

At an April 25 budget adoption meeting, bus dispatcher Dean Musgrove expressed his opposition to the cuts. “It’s really going to do a lot of damage to our department and I don’t think you realize the extent of it,” Musgrove said. “I have a hard time understanding why $180,000 can’t be located to cover these two positions that you’re talking about cutting…Even though they’re not technically driver positions, they are actually drivers.”

In April, Superintendent of Schools Dr. Michael Patton said there had been “significant sacrifices” in order to achieve a balanced budget. “We truly appreciate the feedback that we do receive from transportation,” he said. “Mr. Musgrove and I had several conversations.” Dr. Patton also noted that other similarly-sized school districts had fewer dispatchers and routing specialists than Saratoga Springs.

Bus driver shortages have been an ongoing issue both locally and across the country. Data from the Economic Policy Institute (EPI) indicates that from September 2019 to September 2023, there was a 15.1% decrease in the total number of K-12 bus drivers nationwide. Private school bus driver employment also declined by 21.5% over the same four-year period.

Several factors have contributed to the shortage, including low wages. According to the EPI, school bus driver wages are significantly lower than most other workers. Drivers earned an average of $20 per hour in 2022, which is nearly 17% less than the median wage for all workers. Drivers only work an average of around 32 hours per week, which means their weekly wages are also below average. Many drivers also don’t work during summers, which decreases their yearly income.

The Saratoga Springs school district currently has a bus driver job opening that pays $22.15 per hour, which is below the median wage for all workers in the economy ($24.04), according to data from 2022.

Saratoga-Based Video Game Company Dreams Big

SARATOGA SPRINGS — If you’re seeking stardom, head to Hollywood. If you’re a finance bro, take the next train to Lower Manhattan. If you grew up addicted to Nintendo or “Halo,” the best destination might be Upstate New York.

Few businesses are reeling in as many talented young gamers as Rushdown Studios, a video game company based in Saratoga Springs that’s stocked full of developers. Launched in 2021 by three people, Rushdown has grown at a rapid pace. This year, they have 30 employees. In the not-too-distant future, they project they’ll have 100. They were profitable in year one and doubled their revenue in year two. Thus far, the company has contributed to a number of notable games, including “PUBG,” “Among Us,” “League of Legends,” and “Last Epoch.” 

What is Rushdown’s secret sauce that allows them to thrive in a small city known more for horses than high scores? Co-founder and CEO Kirk Becker said much of his company’s success revolves around its growing reputation.

“The video game industry, as much as the market cap is massive, it really feels like a small industry,” Becker said. “You see the same companies, the same people, at video game conferences. At [the Game Developers Conference] in San Francisco every year, there are so many familiar faces. If someone gets a bad reputation early on, it’s really hard to dig yourself out of that hole.”

Rushdown’s early successes have allowed them to court prospective hires with companies like Riot Games (“League of Legends”) and Blizzard Entertainment (“World of Warcraft,” “Diablo”)  on their resumes.

“Talent from these studios want to come work at Rushdown,” Becker said. “That’s awesome.”

Some developers may want a change of scenery, fleeing giant companies in crowded California cities for the serenity of Upstate New York and Vermont. Others, however, may stay put. Roughly half of Rushdown’s workers are local, while the rest are remote.

“A lot of times if you’re hiring someone with [C++ and game engines] expertise, you’re taking them from another Upstate New York video game studio if they’re in the area. So we hire remotely,” Becker said. “But [back-end engineering] talent is much more accessible in Upstate New York, so we might lean towards hiring those folks to be in office.”

Although many people in the industry live and work in California, Upstate does have some enticing advantages over the West Coast.

“There are people who are like, ‘I’d love to work in the Adirondacks and still have the same job working on games,’” said Andy Polidore, Rushdown’s co-founder and COO.

Polidore also said that an East Coast time zone allows Rushdown to work well with both West Coast-based companies and partners in the U.K. and Europe. In other words, New York is conveniently placed right in the middle of major video game companies across the globe.

As Rushdown’s staff and client list both continue to grow, the company hopes to become large enough that it can build its own games from start to finish. Having a larger company would “unlock different types of work that we can say yes to,” Becker said. “Why that’s important to us is because we all love games and we would love to work on a game end-to-end and own the entire thing, and have someone pay us to do that.”

Rushdown is actively hiring for a variety of positions and currently has five openings posted to its website. To learn more about the company or view its job listings, visit www.rushdownstudio.com.

President-Elect Trump Picks Stefanik as UN Ambassador – Resignation of House Seat Signals Special District Election 

SARATOGA COUNTY —Six days after Congresswoman Elise Stefanik was elected to her sixth term to represent New York’s 21st District, President-elect Donald Trump picked the town of Saratoga resident to serve as his ambassador to the United Nations. 

Stefanik (R,C) was first elected to the House in 2014 and defeated challenger Paula Collins (D, WF) 60.3% to 36.5% districtwide on Election Day 2024. By accepting the Trump nomination, Stefanik gives up her seat in the district and opens up the position to be settled in a district-wide special election in 2025.  

The 21st Congressional District currently encompasses more than one dozen counties, mostly in the Northern section of upstate New York. Included is a portion of Saratoga County that is home to about 41,000 actively registered district voters, and which represents residents in the towns of Corinth, Day, Edinburg, Greenfield, Hadley, Moreau, Northumberland, Providence and Saratoga in their entirety, as well as those in the northernmost section of Wilton.  

The post as ambassador to the United Nations requires U.S. Senate confirmation. 

“I look forward to earning the support of my colleagues in the United States Senate,” Stefanik said in a statement released Nov. 11. “I stand ready to advance President Donald J. Trump’s restoration of America First peace through strength leadership on the world stage on Day One at the United Nations.” 

“It will certainly be a high visibility position,” said Bob Turner, associate professor of Political Science at Skidmore College. “Donald Trump has signaled his distrust of the U.N. and of multilateral policy-making in general and whoever is in that position is going to be in charge of trying to impose (the president-elect’s) policies on the UN. When it comes to things like NATO or Ukraine or Israel-Palestine, there is going to be a lot of heat that will be generated at the UN.”  

Edward Reilly Stettinius, Jr. – who served as Secretary of State under Presidents Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman – became the first U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations in the mid-1940’s. There have been 30 Representative of the U.S.A. to the United Nations in all, including John Bolton (2005-2006), Nikki Haley (2017-2018), and most recently Linda Thomas-Greenfield – who was nominated by Pres. Joe Biden in January 2021 and confirmed by the U.S. Senate one month later. 

On a national scale politically, the anticipated pending departures of House Republicans Elise Stefanik, Mike Waltz and Matt Gaetz – each selected by President-elect Trump as appointments for his administration – leaves the GOP with three less active members at the start of the new Congress in 2025 and vacant until filled via special elections. 

“It is a little surprising, because while it seems Republicans will gain control of the House, their margin is going to be in the single digits. To lose a reliable supporter of the president I think took people by surprise,” Turner said. 

Stefanik also serves as House Republican Conference chair. “I think had she decided to stay there certainly would have been an opportunity for her to become the first female Republican speaker of the House,” Turner said. 

A Special Election for Congressional District 21

It is anticipated a Special Election to fill the Congressional seat in District 21 will take place sometime in the spring of 2025. 

When U.S. Rep. Elise Stefanik officially resigns from the House, a 10-day window will open for Gov. Kathy Hochul to declare a special election to fill the seat vacancy in the 21st Congressional District, with that election to be held about 70 days later. For example, were Stefanik to officially resign when Trump is inaugurated on Jan. 20, 2025, the special election would then be held in early-to-mid April.  

Members of the House of Representatives under normal circumstances serve full two-year terms; The seat in District 21 would be vacant until the Special Election, and then once filled, up for reelection in November 2026. 

The candidates for the special election will be selected by party leaders. No party primaries will be held. The 21st Congressional district includes more than a dozen counties – Warren, Washington and parts of Saratoga among them – and multiple county committees are charged with coming up with a consensus to put forward their party’s respective candidate.    

“My family and I are excited for this next chapter in New York and Washington to work hard to serve our country on President Donald Trump’s team,” Stefanik said in a statement. “No matter where this journey takes us, Upstate New York – the cradle of the American Revolution – will always be my heart and home.”